Mohamad Zakaria

Technology to Investigate X-ray Irradiation Influence: on Surface and Subsurface Material (I.e. Depth of About 10 Nm or Less) of Bones in Vitro Mohamad Zakaria

This book discusses some of the most important technologies and methods in physics that are used to investigate the influence of ionising radiation on bones. The first goal of this research is to select the best technology among them to investigate which of the methods may show best the influence of X-ray irradiation on the structural imperfections in the surface material and subsurface material (i.e. depth of about 10 nm or less) of the bone. Optical Methods, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy are among the methods discussed. Exoemission Spectroscopy has the main advantage to the other methods because it allows to study electron structure (i.e. Structure of bands, local states) alteration in time and temperature. Since electron structure variation also reflects the rearrangement of spatial structure, this method is the best that can be used for this purpose.