Editores ibidem-Verlag, Jessica Haunschild u Chri

Cover for Dan Corjescu · Future Belief: Between God and Science (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Future Belief: Between God and S... (2023)

Cover for Leukavets · The Integration Policies of B (Book) (2023)

The Integration Policies of B (2023)

Cover for Jakob Hauter · Russia's Overlooked Invasion: The Causes of the 2014 Outbreak of War in Ukraine’s Donbas. With a Foreword by Hiroaki Kuromiya - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Russia's Overlooked Invasion: Th... (2023)

Cover for Kvit, Serhiy (University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy) · Media, History, and Education - Three Ways to Ukrainian Independence: With a preface by Diane Francis - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Media, History, and Education - ... (2023)

Kvit, Serhiy (University of Kyiv...

Cover for Taras Kuzio · Russian Disinformation and Western Scholarship: Bias and Prejudice in Journalistic, Expert, and Academic Analyses of East European, Russian and Eurasian Affairs - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Russian Disinformation and Weste... (2023)

Cover for Sasha Dovzhyk · Ukraine Lab: Global Security, Environment, and Disinformation Through the Prism of Ukraine With a foreword by Rory Finnin - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Ukraine Lab: Global Security, En... (2023)

Cover for Anton Shekhovtsov · Russian Political Warfare: Essays on Kremlin Propaganda in Europe and the Neighbourhood, 2020-2023 With a foreword by Nathalie Loiseau - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Russian Political Warfare: Essay... (2023)

Anton Shekhovtsov

Cover for Sabine Adler · Ukraine and Its Western Allies: Germanys Failure and the Necessary Lessons for the Future (Paperback Book) (2023)

Ukraine and Its Western Allies: ... (2023)

Cover for Wenting Meng · Developmental Peace: Theorizing China’s Approach to International Peacebuilding (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Developmental Peace: Theorizing ... (2023)

Cover for Heather Devere · Friendship Studies: Politics and Practices (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Friendship Studies: Politics and... (2023)

Cover for Robert Radin · Noche Triste: A Memoir of Anorexia - Edition Noema (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Noche Triste: A Memoir of Anorex... (2023)

Cover for Alina Nychyk · Ukraine Vis-a-Vis Russia and the EU: Misperceptions of Foreign Challenges in Times of War, 20142015 - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2023)

Ukraine Vis-a-Vis Russia and the... (2023)

Cover for Geoffrey Dean · The Orphic I: A Philosophical Approach to Musical Collaboration - Studies in Historical Philosophy (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

The Orphic I: A Philosophical Ap... (2023)

Cover for Nadiia Koval · Russian Cultural Diplomacy under Putin: Rossotrudnichestvo, the “Russkiy Mir” Foundation, and the Gorchakov Fund in 2007–2022 - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Russian Cultural Diplomacy under... (2023)

Cover for Christopher Bellamy · Putin’s War, Russian Genocide: Essays About the First Year of the War in Ukraine (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Putin’s War, Russian Genocide: E... (2023)

Christopher Bellamy

Cover for Evangelos Koumparoudis · Medicine in the Post-consumerist Society: A Philosophical Overview - Studies in Medical Philosophy (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Medicine in the Post-consumerist... (2023)

Evangelos Koumparoudis

Cover for Ildiko Eperjesi · Shreds of War. Vol. 2: Fates from Crimea 2015–2022 With an interview of Oleh Sentsov - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Shreds of War. Vol. 2: Fates fro... (2023)

Ildiko Eperjesi

Cover for Izabela Kazejak · Jews in Post-War Wroclaw and L'viv Official Policies and Local Responses in Comparative Perspective, 1945-1970s: Official Policies and Local Responses in Comparative Perspective, 1945-1970s - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Jews in Post-War Wroclaw and L'v... (2023)

Izabela Kazejak

Cover for Julie Fedor · Journal of Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society: A Debate on “Ustashism,” Generic Fascism, and the OUN III Vol. 9, No. 1 (2023) - Journal of Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2023)

Journal of Soviet and Post-Sovie... (2023)

Cover for Dr. Gergana Dimova · Political Uncertainty: A Comparative Exploration - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Political Uncertainty: A Compara... (2024)

Dr. Gergana Dimova

Cover for Daviti Mtchedlishvili · The EU and the South Caucasus: European Neighborhood Policies between Eclecticism and Pragmatism, 1991-2021: With a foreword by Nicholas Ross Smith - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

The EU and the South Caucasus: E... (2024)

Daviti Mtchedlishvili

Cover for Chris Webb · The Sobibor Death Camp: History, Biographies, Remembrance: 2nd, revised and updated edition. With a Foreword by Jerry Steinberg (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

The Sobibor Death Camp: History,... (2024)

Cover for Alex Levant · Activity Theory: An Introduction (Paperback Book) (2024)

Activity Theory: An Introduction (2024)

Cover for Alexander Freier · Blockchain in the Energy Sector: An Advancing Technology to Tackle Global Climate Change?: With a foreword by Reimund Schwarze (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Blockchain in the Energy Sector:... (2024)

Alexander Freier

Cover for Charlotta P. Einarsson · Beckett’s Drama: Mis-Movements and the Aesthetics of Gesture - Samuel Beckett in Company (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Beckett’s Drama: Mis-Movements a... (2024)

Charlotta P. Einarsson

Cover for Jaime Osorio · Labour Super-Exploitation, Unequal Exchange, and Capital Reproduction: Writings on Marxist Dependency Theory. With a foreword by Andy Higginbottom - Critical Studies on Latin America. Debates and Alternatives for Social Change (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Labour Super-Exploitation, Unequ... (2024)

Cover for Gerasim Petrinski · The Image of the Demon in Byzantium: Philosophical and Mythological Origins: With a foreword by Prof. Georgi Kapriev - Studies in Historical Philosophy (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

The Image of the Demon in Byzant... (2024)

Gerasim Petrinski

Cover for Sanja Tepavcevic · Global Crises, Resilience, and Future Challenges: Experiences of Post-Yugoslav and Post-Soviet Migrants - Balkan Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Global Crises, Resilience, and F... (2024)

Sanja Tepavcevic

Cover for Winfried Schneider-Deters · Russia's War in Ukraine: Debates on Peace, Fascism, and War Crimes, 2022–2023 - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Russia's War in Ukraine: Debates... (2024)

Winfried Schneider-Deters

Cover for Donald Phillip Verene · Philosophical Self-Knowledge: Two Studies - Studies in Historical Philosophy (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Philosophical Self-Knowledge: Tw... (2024)

Donald Phillip Verene

Cover for Dmytro Shestakov · When Businesses Test Hypotheses: A Four-Step Approach to Risk Management for Innovative Startups - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2024)

When Businesses Test Hypotheses:... (2024)

Dmytro Shestakov

Cover for Alexander Strashny · The Ukrainian Mentality: An Ethno-Psychological, Historical, and Comparative Exploration - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

The Ukrainian Mentality: An Ethn... (2024)

Alexander Strashny

Cover for Leonid Ushkalov · Catching an Elusive Bird: The Life of Hryhorii Skovoroda - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Catching an Elusive Bird: The Li... (2024)

Leonid Ushkalov

Cover for Larissa Babij · A Kind of Refugee: The Story of an American Who Refused to Leave Ukraine - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2024)

A Kind of Refugee: The Story of ... (2024)

Cover for Lex Fullarton · Tax Accounting and Livestock in Australia: Insights from the Wade Case (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Tax Accounting and Livestock in ... (2024)

Cover for Darius Dr. Furmonavicius · LithuaniaTransforms the West: Lithuanias Liberation from Soviet Occupation and the Enlargement of NATO (19882022) - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2024)

LithuaniaTransforms the West: Li... (2024)

Darius Dr. Furmonavicius

Cover for David Satter · Never Speak to Strangers and Other Writing from Russia and the Soviet Union, Volume 2 (Paperback Book) (2024)

Never Speak to Strangers and Oth... (2024)

Cover for Per A. Rudling · Tarnished Heroes – The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists in the Memory Politics of Post–Soviet Ukraine - Soviet and Post–Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2024)

Tarnished Heroes – The Organizat... (2024)

Cover for Martin Levy · Roundhouse: Joe Berke and the 1967 Congress on the Dialectics of Liberation (Paperback Book) (2024)

Roundhouse: Joe Berke and the 19... (2024)

Cover for Iaroslav Petik · Politics and Society in the Ukrainian People’s Republic (1917–1921) and Contemporary Ukraine (2013–2022): A Comparative Analysis. With a foreword by Oleksiy Tolochko - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Politics and Society in the Ukra... (2024)

Cover for Michael Thumann · Revenge: How Putin Created the Most Menacing Regime in the World (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Revenge: How Putin Created the M... (2024)

Michael Thumann

Cover for Josette Baer · Saul Goodman - the American Candide?: Essays on Politics, Philosophy and Film (Paperback Book) (2024)

Saul Goodman - the American Cand... (2024)

Cover for Gvantsa Davitashvili · The 'New' Geopolitics in the Caucasus: What Role for the EU? - European Studies in the Caucasus (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

The 'New' Geopolitics in the Cau... (2024)

Gvantsa Davitashvili

Cover for Paul Robert Magocsi-Vladyslav Hrynevych · Babyn Yar: History and Memory (Hardcover Book) (2024)

Babyn Yar: History and Memory (2024)

Paul Robert Magocsi-Vladyslav Hr...

Cover for Colin Swatridge · A No-Nonsense Guide to Academic Writing (Paperback Book) (2024)

A No-Nonsense Guide to Academic ... (2024)

Colin Swatridge

Cover for Andreas Heinemann-Gruder · Who Are the Fighters?: Irregular Armed Groups in the Russian-Ukrainian War since 2014 - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2024)

Who Are the Fighters?: Irregular... (2024)

Andreas Heinemann-Gruder

Cover for Toni Stenstrom · Belarus - A Silenced History: A Chronological Account from the Middle Ages to the War in Ukraine (Paperback Book) (2024)

Belarus - A Silenced History: A ... (2024)

Cover for Oleksiy V. Kresin · United Nations General Assembly Resolutions: Their Nature and Significance in the Context of the Russian War Against Ukraine - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2024)

United Nations General Assembly ... (2024)

Oleksiy V. Kresin

Cover for Valerio Alfonso Bruno · The Rise of the Radical Right in Italy: A New Balance of Power in the Right-Wing Camp? (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

The Rise of the Radical Right in... (2024)

Valerio Alfonso Bruno

Cover for Harjot Banga · Anita Desai's India: The Religious Plague, Holocaust, Decadence and Remembrance (Paperback Book) (2024)

Anita Desai's India: The Religio... (2024)

Cover for Josette Baer · The Seven Deadly Sins 3.0: A Liberal Critique of the Contemporary Lack of Ethics and Rationalism in Science, Society, and Politics in the Third Millennium (Paperback Book) (2024)

The Seven Deadly Sins 3.0: A Lib... (2024)

Cover for Auritra Munshi · Jhumpa Lahiri's Works in Transition: Towards a New Space: With a foreword by Debjani Sengupta (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Jhumpa Lahiri's Works in Transit... (2024)

Cover for Mykhailo Minakov · The Post-Soviet Human: Philosophical Reflections on Social History after the End of Communism - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2024)

The Post-Soviet Human: Philosoph... (2024)

Mykhailo Minakov

Cover for Alona Shestopalova · From Screens to Battlefields: Tracing the Construction of Enemies on Russian Television - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

From Screens to Battlefields: Tr... (2024)

Alona Shestopalova

Cover for Shubhanku Kochar · Pastoral and Anti-Pastoral: Representation of City and Village in Literature (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Pastoral and Anti-Pastoral: Repr... (2024)

Shubhanku Kochar

Cover for Gian Marco Moise · The House Always Wins: The Corrupt Strategies that Shaped Kazakh Oil Politics and Business in the Nazarbayev Era - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2024)

The House Always Wins: The Corru... (2024)

Gian Marco Moise

Cover for Orysia Hrudka · Dark Days, Determined People: Stories from Ukraine under Siege - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2024)

Dark Days, Determined People: St... (2024)

Cover for Tamara Martsenyuk · Russia’s War in Ukraine 2022: Personal Experiences of Ukrainian Scholars - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Russia’s War in Ukraine 2022: Pe... (2024)

Tamara Martsenyuk

Cover for Kerstin Lange · PHANTOM BORDER: A Personal Reconnaissance of Contemporary Germany (Paperback Book) (2024)

PHANTOM BORDER: A Personal Recon... (2024)

Cover for Josef Wallmannsberger · Executing a Renaissance: The Poetological Nation of Ukraine - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2024)

Executing a Renaissance: The Poe... (2024)

Josef Wallmannsberger

Cover for Pavlo Kazarin · The Wild West of Eastern Europe: A Ukrainian Guide on Breaking Free from Empire - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2024)

The Wild West of Eastern Europe:... (2024)

Cover for Pavlo Kazarin · Der Wilde Westen Ost-Europas: Der ukrainische Weg aus dem Imperium - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2024)

Der Wilde Westen Ost-Europas: De... (2024)

Cover for Why Do They Kill Our People?: Russia’s War Against Ukraine as Told by Ukrainians - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2024)

Why Do They Kill Our People?: Ru... (2024)

Cover for Natalia Kudriavtseva · Language and Power in Ukraine and Kazakhstan: Essays on Education, Ideology, Literature, Practice, and the Media - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2024)

Language and Power in Ukraine an... (2024)

Natalia Kudriavtseva

Cover for John Maresca · Ukraine: Putin’s War for Russia’s “Near Abroad”: How the War over Ukraine Reflects Putin’s Broader Effort to Re-Establish Moscow’s Control over the Whole of What Was the USSR. (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Ukraine: Putin’s War for Russia’... (2024)

Cover for Anna Sfardini-Valerio Alfonso Bruno-Paolo Carelli- · Dystopian Worlds Beyond Storytelling - Representations of Dehumanized Societies in Literature, Media, and Political Discourses: Multidisciplinary Perspectives: With a foreword by Damiano Palano and an afterword by Massimo Scaglioni (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2024)

Dystopian Worlds Beyond Storytel... (2024)

Anna Sfardini-Valerio Alfonso Br...

Cover for Christian Kaunert · In the Eye of the Storm: Origins, Ideology, and Controversies of the Azov Brigade, 2014-2023 - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2024)

In the Eye of the Storm: Origins... (2024)

Christian Kaunert

Cover for Rasmus Nilsson · Uncanny Allies: Russia and Belarus on the Edge, 2012–2024 - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2024)

Uncanny Allies: Russia and Belar... (2024)

Cover for Jonathan Power · When are you going to get a proper job? Sixty Years in Journalism: The World Was My Oyster - Edition Noema (Paperback Book) (2024)

When are you going to get a prop... (2024)

Cover for Volodymyr Paniotto · Sociology in Jokes: An Entertaining Introduction - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2024)

Sociology in Jokes: An Entertain... (2024)

Volodymyr Paniotto

Cover for Dr. Blair A. Ruble · The Arts of War: Ukrainian Artists Confront Russia: Year Two (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2025)

The Arts of War: Ukrainian Artis... (2025)

Dr. Blair A. Ruble

Cover for Vahur Laiapea · Diaries from Ukraine (Paperback Book) (2025)

Diaries from Ukraine (2025)

Cover for Michael Marder · Pyropolitics: Fire and the Political (Paperback Book) (2025)

Pyropolitics: Fire and the Polit... (2025)

Cover for Riccardo Antonangeli · The Fascist Character as Enigma in Post-World War II Italian Literature, Cinema, and Historiography - Crossovers: New Perspectives on CompLit (Paperback Book) (2025)

The Fascist Character as Enigma ... (2025)

Riccardo Antonangeli

Cover for Pinaki Roy · Nationalism and Indigenousness in Select Commonwealth Writings and Films: A Postcolonial Rereading - Studies in Commonwealth Writings (Paperback Book) (2025)

Nationalism and Indigenousness i... (2025)

Cover for William J. Strnad · Modern Korean Digraphia: Metanarration and National Identity, 1894–1972 (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2025)

Modern Korean Digraphia: Metanar... (2025)

William J. Strnad

Cover for Volodymyr Paniotto · War and the Transformation of Ukrainian Society (2022–23): Empirical Evidence - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2025)

War and the Transformation of Uk... (2025)

Volodymyr Paniotto

Cover for Olga Khomenko · The Faraway Sky of Kyiv: Ukrainians in the War - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2025)

The Faraway Sky of Kyiv: Ukraini... (2025)

Cover for Kinga Szabo-Toth · Social Innovation and Higher Education: From Theory to Practice (Paperback Book) (2025)

Social Innovation and Higher Edu... (2025)

Kinga Szabo-Toth

Cover for Andreas Umland-Julie Fedor · Journal of Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society: 2024/1 - Journal of Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2025)

Journal of Soviet and Post-Sovie... (2025)

Andreas Umland-Julie Fedor

Cover for Pawel Kowal · The End of the Soviet World? Essays on Post-Communist Political and Social Change - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2025)

The End of the Soviet World? Ess... (2025)

Cover for Richard Ottinger · Religious Elements in the Russian War of Aggression Against Ukraine: Propaganda, Religious Politics and Pastoral Care, 2014–2024 - Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) (2025)

Religious Elements in the Russia... (2025)

Richard Ottinger

Cover for Francisco Gaona · Speech: A Natural History (Paperback Book) (2025)

Speech: A Natural History (2025)

Francisco Gaona

Cover for Olexander Hryb · Understanding Contemporary Russian Militarism: From Revolutionary to New Generation Warfare - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2025)

Understanding Contemporary Russi... (2025)

Cover for Leonid Finberg · My Ukraine – Rethinking the Past, Building the Present - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2025)

My Ukraine – Rethinking the Past... (2025)

Cover for Sandor Klapcsik-Zeno Vernyik · Brutal Aspects of Migratory Esthetics: Migration and Violence in Modern and Contemporary Culture (Paperback Book) (2025)

Brutal Aspects of Migratory Esth... (2025)

Sandor Klapcsik-Zeno Vernyik

Cover for Dieter Adler · What We Truly Need: Experiences of a Psychoanalyst (Paperback Book) (2025)

What We Truly Need: Experiences ... (2025)

Cover for Joseph Zissels · Consider My Inmost Thoughts: Essays, Lectures, and Interviews on Ukrainian Matters at the Turn of the Century - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2025)

Consider My Inmost Thoughts: Ess... (2025)

Cover for Klaus Sames · Cryopreservation: Future Perspectives from Organ Transplantation to Cryonics - Applied Human Cryobiology (Paperback Book) (2025)

Cryopreservation: Future Perspec... (2025)

Cover for Mykhailo Minakov · From Servant to Leader: Chronicles of Ukraine Under the Zelensky Presidency, 2019–2024 - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2025)

From Servant to Leader: Chronicl... (2025)

Mykhailo Minakov

Cover for Ernest Gyidel · Ukrainian Public Nationalism in the General Government: The Case of Krakivski Visti, 1940–1944 - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2025)

Ukrainian Public Nationalism in ... (2025)

Cover for Viktoriia Grivina · Kharkiv—A War City: A Collection of Essays from 2022–2024 - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2025)

Kharkiv—A War City: A Collection... (2025)

Viktoriia Grivina

Cover for Meghann Cassidy-Stephanie Schwerter · Between Words and Sounds: Cultural Misunderstanding in Literary and Song Translation (Paperback Book) (2025)

Between Words and Sounds: Cultur... (2025)

Meghann Cassidy-Stephanie Schwerter

Cover for Maria Hehle-Fritsch-Prof. Dr. Melanie Moll · Intercultural Management: Dimensions of the Modern Workplace (Paperback Book) (2025)

Intercultural Management: Dimens... (2025)

Maria Hehle-Fritsch-Prof. Dr. Me...

Cover for Journal of Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society: Symbols and Narratives of Ukrainian Resistance. Part I, 2024/2 - Journal of Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society (Paperback Book) [New edition] (2025)

Journal of Soviet and Post-Sovie... (2025)

Cover for Ashish Kumar Pathak-Lata Dubey · Postcolonial Literature in the New Millennium: Philosophy, Politics, and Aesthetics - Studies in Commonwealth Writings (Paperback Book) (2025)

Postcolonial Literature in the N... (2025)

Ashish Kumar Pathak-Lata Dubey

Cover for Provision for Surviving Dependants in Social Security: A New Architecture for the 21st Century? - CINTEUS - Interdisziplinare Schriftenreihe des Centrums fur interkulturelle und europaische Studien (Paperback Book) (2025)

Provision for Surviving Dependan... (2025)

Cover for Girol Karacaoglu · No to Pessimism: Life, Diversity, Freedom, and Knowledge, with Optimism (Paperback Book) (2025)

No to Pessimism: Life, Diversity... (2025)

Girol Karacaoglu

Cover for Tatjana Montik · Georgia: A Tapestry of Time and Space (Paperback Book) (2025)

Georgia: A Tapestry of Time and ... (2025)

Cover for Vahur Laiapea · This Is How It Was: A Ukrainian Officer’s 691 Days In Russian Prisons - Ukrainian Voices (Paperback Book) (2025)

This Is How It Was: A Ukrainian ... (2025)